As you can imagine, I used a lot of different sources to write my new edition of L is for Lifestyle, so I decided not to crowd the book with loads of references, and instead make them available on my website for anyone who’s interested – so here they are!
Introduction
Plastic-free hair care – Ruth Valerio
https://ruthvalerio.net
A is for Activists
Number of children under 5 who die daily from poverty-related causes – UNICEF Child Mortality Report 2017, p.1.
https://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Child_Mortality_Report_2017.pdf
2x likelihood of poorest children dying under 5 compared to richest – UNICEF Levels and trends in child mortality (Oct 2017)
https://data.unicef.org/resources/levels-trends-child-mortality/
Global under 5 mortality rate – UNICEF Child Mortality Report 2017, p.4.
https://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Child_Mortality_Report_2017.pdf
Number of children dying from malaria – UNICEF Current Status + Progress Mar 18 (based on WHO figures)
https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-health/malaria/
% African population (389 out of 670 million) living in extreme poverty (below $1.90) – World Bank Annual Report 2017
http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/908481507403754670/Annual-Report-2017-WBG.pdf
Number of people in Britain living in poverty – Joseph Rowntree UK Poverty 2017 report
https://www.jrf.org.uk/report/uk-poverty-2017
% 19 year olds in England without minimum qualifications (below Level 2) – Department of Education Level 2 and 3 attainment in England: attainment by age 19 in 2016 (Mar 2017)
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/603920/SFR16_2017_V2.pdf
Number of Americans w/out health insurance – Health Insurance Coverage in the US: 2016 (US Census Bureau), p.1.
https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2017/demo/p60-260.pdf
J. Alec Motyer, The Prophecy of Isaiah (IVP, 1999), pp. 461, 478–482.
Jürgen Moltmann, Theology of Hope (SCM, 2010), p. 2.
B is for Bananas
Economic value of bananas/year – FAO Banana Facts 2016
http://www.fao.org/economic/est/est-commodities/bananas/bananafacts/en/#.WvxWH6QvzIU
% households that buy bananas (US) – Produce Business (based on Fresh Facts on Retail using United Fresh Produce Association and Nielsen Fresh data)
https://www.producebusiness.com/ripe-success-proper-banana-merchandising/
% households that buy bananas (UK) – Fairtrade (Britain’s Bruising Banana Wars, 2014, p.8.)
https://www.fairtrade.org.uk/~/media/FairtradeUK/What%20is%20Fairtrade/Documents/Policy%20and%20Research%20documents/Policy%20reports/Britains%20Bruising%20Banana%20Wars%20media%20report.pdf
Biggest profit making item in UK supermarkets – BananaLink
http://www.bananalink.org.uk/who-earns-what-from-field-to-supermarket
Profitability of bananas in US – Produce Business
https://www.producebusiness.com/ripe-success-proper-banana-merchandising/
% controlled by multinationals – BananaLink (2013)
http://www.bananalink.org.uk/the-problem-with-bananas
Nicaragua daily wage – Fairtrade (Britain’s Bruising Banana Wars, 2014, p.20.)
Ecuador wage per pound ($6.22 for 43 lbs = 14 cents or 10p/lb) – Oxfam (2014)
https://blogs.oxfam.org/en/blogs/14-09-29-aldi-price-it%E2%80%99s-time-peel-banana-scandal
Ecuador wages less than costs (lowest price of $2.10 for 43 lbs = 5 cents or 4p/lb) – Fresh Plaza (2017)
http://www.freshplaza.com/article/184693/Ecuador-Banana-producers-dont-always-get-paid-the-set-price
% banana value going to producer vs MNC vs supermarket – Bananalink
http://www.bananalink.org.uk/who-earns-what-from-field-to-supermarket
Agrochem/pesticide effects – EWG (2014)
https://www.ewg.org/enviroblog/2014/04/bananas#.Wv6ugaQvzIU
Extent of pesticide use on banana plantations:
Chem Service (2014 using Environmental Working Group info)
https://www.chemservice.com/news/2014/08/why-do-bananas-require-so-many-pesticides/
Monitoring Pesticide Use and Associated Health Hazards in Central America, scientific paper (2011)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51636964_Monitoring_Pesticide_Use_and_Associated_Health_Hazards_in_Central_America
Banana production systems scientific paper, Costa Rica farms (2013)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3606705/#CR5
Centro Ecologico, Banana production methods in Central America (2014)
https://www.naturskyddsforeningen.se/sites/default/files/dokument-media/banana_report_final_version.pdf
Pesticide residue in bananas (kg/ha/yr sprayed on 42,970 ha of banana consumed) – Pesticide Action Network UK (using 2015-16 data from Committee on Pesticide Residues in Food)
http://www.pan-uk.org/food-for-thought/
Growth in banana disease, Cavendish bananas – BBC News 2018
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-42
toxic waste/grams gold – Brilliant Earth
https://www.brilliantearth.com/gold-mining-environment/
Number of people in small scale mining – Greg Valerio
https://gregvalerio.com/fairtrade-gold/
Monitoring pesticide use – International journal of occupational and environmental health
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51636964_Monitoring_Pesticide_Use_and_Associated_Health_Hazards_in_Central_America
Fairtrade premium paid – Fairtrade International Annual Report (2016-17)
https://annualreport16-17.fairtrade.net/en/building-the-fairtrade-of-the-future/
Fairtrade retail sales 2016 (UK and US) – Fairtrade International Annual Report (2016)
https://annualreport16-17.fairtrade.net/en/building-fairtrade-markets/
Falling price of bananas – Fairtrade website
https://www.fairtrade.org.uk/Buying-Fairtrade/Bananas
Worldwide increase in Fairtrade 2004-2016 – Statista
https://www.statista.com/statistics/271354/revenue-of-fair-trade-products-worldwide-since-2004/
UK supermarkets selling Fairtrade – Fairtrade website
https://www.fairtrade.org.uk/Buying-Fairtrade
US supermarkets selling Fairtrade – Fairtrade America website
http://fairtradeamerica.org/Fairtrade-Products
Chocolate Fairtrade manufacturers – Fairtrade website
https://www.fairtrade.org.uk/Buying-Fairtrade/Chocolate
% Fairtrade chocolate UK – Fairtrade website
https://www.fairtrade.org.uk/Media-Centre/Blog/2016/October/10-facts-about-Fairtrade-chocolate-to-remember-this-Chocolate-Week
Growth in the UK ethical consumer market – Ethical consumer
http://www.ethicalconsumer.org/latestnews/entryid/2214/steady-growth-for-the-uk-ethical-market.aspx
% Americans who won’t buy unethical brands – Mintel
http://www.mintel.com/press-centre/social-and-lifestyle/56-of-americans-stop-buying-from-brands-they-believe-are-unethical
Sustainable supply chains – UN Global Compact
https://www.bsr.org/reports/BSR_UNGC_SupplyChainReport.pdf
How the Fairtrade scheme works – Fairtrade
http://www.fairtrade.org.uk
How the World Trade Organisation, International Monetary Fund and the World Bank are set up and run:
Joseph E. Stiglitz, Globalization and Its Discontents Revisited: Anti-Globalization in the Era of Trump (W. W. Norton & Co., 2017)
World Trade Organisation
http://www.wto.org
International Monetary Fund
http://www.imf.org
World Bank
http://www.worldbank.org
What the Trade Justice Movement does – Trade Justice Movement
http://www.tradejusticemovement.org.uk
C is for Creation
Eco Church
https://ecochurch.arocha.org.uk/
Interfaith Power & Light
http://www.coolcongregations.org/
Transition Network
https://transitionnetwork.org/
Christopher J. H. Wright, Old Testament Ethics for the People of God (IVP, 2010), p. 117.
Christopher J. H. Wright, Living as the People of God: The Relevance of Old Testament Ethics (IVP, 1984), pp. 82–83.
Richard Bauckham and Trevor Hart, Hope against Hope: Christian Eschatology at the Turn of the Millennium (Eerdmans, 1999), p. 137.
D is for Driving
Number of cars worldwide – World Economic Forum (2015 figures)
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/04/the-number-of-cars-worldwide-is-set-to-double-by-2040
Number of cars sold each year – Statista
https://www.statista.com/statistics/200002/international-car-sales-since-1990/
% cars owned by wealthy nations – International Organisation of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA), 2015
http://www.oica.net/wp-content/uploads//PC_Vehicles-in-use.pdf
Population by country – Worldometers (2018)
http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/population-by-country/
% UK cars used for short journeys – Sustrans (Short journeys, big savings 2013)
https://www.sustrans.org.uk/sites/default/files/images/files/publications/Short%20journeys%20big%20savings%2023%20AUG.pdf
Number of miles driven by US cars – Federal Highway Administration (National Household Travel Survey 2017)
https://nhts.ornl.gov/
% US CO2 by cars and trucks – Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 2015
https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/fast-facts-transportation-greenhouse-gas-emissions
% UK CO2 by transport (mostly cars) – BEIS 2017
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/updated-energy-and-emissions-projections-2017
UK asthma trends – Asthma UK
https://www.asthma.org.uk/about/media/facts-and-statistics/
% childhood asthma linked to traffic pollution – British Medical Journal
https://www.bmj.com/content/360/bmj.k1440
Air pollution emissions by transport mode – DfT
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/env03-pollutants-emissions-and-noise
Carbon monoxide from road traffic – National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI) 2016
http://naei.beis.gov.uk/overview/pollutants?pollutant_id=4
Health dangers of particulates – Union of Concerned Scientists
https://www.ucsusa.org/clean-vehicles/vehicles-air-pollution-and-human-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution#.WxlTJu4vzIU
Air pollution emission trends, UK – DfT Transport Statistics Great Britain 2017
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/661933/tsgb-2017-report-summaries.pdf
Breathing air in Delhi equivalence to cigarette smoking – CNN 2017
https://edition.cnn.com/2017/11/10/health/delhi-pollution-equivalent-cigarettes-a-day/index.html
Leading cause of death UK children – Public Health England 2015
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-profile-for-england/chapter-2-major-causes-of-death-and-how-they-have-changed
Air pollution inside vs outside cars – Guardian 2017
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jun/12/children-risk-air-pollution-cars-former-uk-chief-scientist-warns
Cycling and levels of adult fitness – Cycling UK 2018
https://www.cyclinguk.org/resources/cycling-uk-cycling-statistics#How%20healthy%20is%20cycling?
Parents fear of letting children walk to school:
BBC 2015
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-32754128
Living Streets survey 2016
https://www.livingstreets.org.uk/who-we-are/press-media/walk-to-school-rates-decline-to-the-lowest-level-ever
% of primary school children that walk to school – DfT National Travel Survey 2015
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/551437/national-travel-survey-2015.pdf
% UK CO2 by transport (mostly cars) – BEIS 2017
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/updated-energy-and-emissions-projections-2017
Rising UK CO2 from cars:
Business Green
https://www.businessgreen.com/bg/news-analysis/3026065/uk-greenhouse-gases-fall-five-per-cent-as-transport-becomes-highest-emitter
BBC News
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-43308567
Falling global oil demand for cars – International Energy Agency (IEA) 2018
https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-oil-outlook-iea/global-oil-demand-to-withstand-rise-of-electric-vehicles-iea-idUKKBN1DE002
Oil demand for cars in OECD vs non OECD countries – Wood MacKenzie 2017
https://www.woodmac.com/news/feature/the-rise-and-fall-of-black-gold/
Fall in average fuel consumption – Global Fuel Economy Initiative (GFEI) 2016
https://www.fiafoundation.org/media/223932/gfei-state-of-the-world-report-2016-executive-summary.pdf
Increasing UK road construction (Road Investment Strategy):
CPRE 2017
https://www.cpre.org.uk/resources/transport/roads/item/download/4851
Road cc 2017
http://road.cc/content/news/228624-investment-motorways-worsening-congestion-say-campaigners-ahead-government-roads
US highway opposition:
Colorado Independent 2016
http://www.coloradoindependent.com/160187/i-70-expansion-explained
Citylab
https://www.citylab.com/transportation/2016/01/highway-boondoggle-uspirg/424700/
Deepwater Horizon environmental damage:
Washington Post
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/09/27/the-deepwater-horizon-oil-spill-may-have-caused-irreversible-damage-to-marshes-along-the-gulf-coast/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.e69cc56c9f54
Oceana 2016
https://usa.oceana.org/sites/default/files/4046/oil_spill_anniv_fact_sheet_final_high-res.pdf
Sales/registrations of ultra low emissions vehicles – Edie 2017
https://www.edie.net/news/6/Ultra-low-emission-vehicle-sales-surge-in-the-UK/
Number of UK bike trips/week – DfT National Travel Survey 2016
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/633077/national-travel-survey-2016.pdf
UK bike ownership – Cycling UK 2018
https://www.cyclinguk.org/resources/cycling-uk-cycling-statistics#How%20many%20people%20own%20or%20have%20access%20to%20a%20bicycle?
UK bike usage – DfT National Travel Survey 2016
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/633077/national-travel-survey-2016.pdf
Increased popularity of car sharing in UK – Ethical consumer 2016
http://www.ethicalconsumer.org/ethicalreports/transport/carsharing.aspx
% of Londoners without a car – Transport for London 2013
http://content.tfl.gov.uk/technical-note-12-how-many-cars-are-there-in-london.pdf
Decline in young people getting drivers licenses:
Telegraph
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/07/10/record-decline-teenagers-learning-drive-figures-show/
Atlantic magazine
https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/01/the-decline-of-the-drivers-license/425169/
Ways to reduce driving emissions – RAC
https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/advice/emissions/11-ways-to-reduce-your-car-emissions/
E is for Energy
World energy by fuel – International Energy Agency (IEA) 2017
https://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld2017.pdf
UK energy by fuel – UK Energy in Brief, 2017 (BEIS)
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/631146/UK_Energy_in_Brief_2017.pdf
US energy by fuel – US Energy Information Administration, 2017 (EIA)
https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/?page=us_energy_home
Extra CO2 of tarsands – Inside Climate News 2017
https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04042017/tar-sands-greenhouse-gas-emissions-climate-change-keystone-xl-pipeline-donald-trump-enbridge
% US evangelicals who don’t think climate change is caused by human activity – Pew Research Center 2015
http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/10/22/religion-and-views-on-climate-and-energy-issues/
Sea level rise by 2100 – IPCC 5th Assessment Report, 2013
http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_Chapter13_FINAL.pdf
Ice lost on Greenland – Carbon Brief 2017
https://www.carbonbrief.org/guest-post-greenland-ice-sheet-2017
Temperature rise at which Greenland ice will melt – European Environment Agency
https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/greenland-ice-sheet-3/assessment
Effects of ocean acidification – Smithsonian
https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/invertebrates/ocean-acidification
Number of Earths resources used – Global Footprint Network
https://www.footprintnetwork.org/our-work/ecological-footprint/
Earth Overshoot Day – Earth Overshoot Day
https://www.overshootday.org/
Amount of oil left – Nasdaq (based on BP figures, 2014)
https://www.nasdaq.com/article/how-much-oil-is-left-in-the-earth-cm897561
Update on Nigerian oilspill:
Amnesty International
https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2018/03/nigeria-amnesty-activists-uncover-serious-negligence-by-oil-giants-shell-and-eni/
Guardian
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/aug/04/shell-nigeria-oil-pollution-clean-up-amnesty
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/interactive/2011/aug/04/un-environmental-impact-ogoniland
Oil and gas as % export earnings and government revenue – export.gov
https://www.export.gov/apex/article2?id=Nigeria-Executive-Summary
% Nigerians in oil industry – Vanguard
https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/06/unemployment-oil-sector-employs-0-01-nigerian-workforce/
Dirtiest power stations in Europe – WWF Dirty Thirty 2013
http://awsassets.panda.org/downloads/dirty_30_report_finale.pdf
Drax update – Drax
https://www.drax.com/sustainability/environment/
Carbon footprint UK vs US data – World Bank
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC?view=map
% nuclear energy in US – US Energy Information Administration, 2017 (EIA)
https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/?page=us_energy_home
% nuclear energy in UK – BEIS Inland consumption of primary fuels and equivalents for energy use 1970-2016
https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/energy-chapter-1-digest-of-united-kingdom-energy-statistics-dukes
UK nuclear subsidies – FT (based on National Audit Office report ) 2016
https://www.ft.com/content/b8e24306-48e5-11e6-8d68-72e9211e86ab
Lack of UK gov subsidies for green projects – Guardian 2017
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/22/no-subsidies-for-green-power-projects-before-2025-says-uk-treasury
% cut in UK subsidies for solar – Guardian 2015
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/damian-carrington-blog/2015/oct/22/hinkley-point-uk-energy-policy-is-now-hunkering-in-a-nuclear-bunker
% cut in US subsidies for renewables – Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2018
https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=35952
% UK electricity from renewables – Energy UK 2016
https://www.energy-uk.org.uk/energy-industry/electricity-generation.html
% US electricity from renewables – Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2017
https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.php?page=electricity_in_the_united_states
More US people working in solar than coal, oil and gas combined – Forbes 2017
https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2017/01/25/u-s-solar-energy-employs-more-people-than-oil-coal-and-gas-combined-infographic/#33c915132800
Updated Christian renewables reference – Christian Aid 2017
https://www.christianaid.org.uk/sites/default/files/2017-11/virtuous-circle-scaling-up-investment-low-carbon-energy-climate-Nov2017.pdf
Transport as % UK household emissions – Committee on Climate Change 2014
https://www.theccc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/5CB-Infographic-FINAL-.pdf
Transport as % US commercial/residential emissions – Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 2016
https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions#transportation
% CO2 from UK houses – Committee on Climate Change 2014
https://www.theccc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/5CB-Infographic-FINAL-.pdf
% CO2 from US residential (US residential CO2 / total US CO2) – Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2015
https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/sec12_3.pdf
https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/sec12_5.pdf
Highest % renewable suppliers – Electricity Info (2016)
http://electricityinfo.org/uk-domestic-electricity-suppliers/
Renewable obligation closure – Energy UK 2017
https://www.energy-uk.org.uk/press-releases/energy-uk-blogs/6091-energy-uk-blog-on-the-closure-of-the-renewables-obligation.html
Renewable obligation for existing projects – Energy and Environment Management 2017
http://www.eaem.co.uk/news/end-era-uk-renewables-obligation-scheme
Meat vs transport emissions – Skeptical Science
https://skepticalscience.com/animal-agriculture-meat-global-warming.htm
Michael Northcott, A Moral Climate: The Ethics of Global Warming (Orbis Books, 2007), pp. 49, 96.
F is for Food
Tonnes of pesticides on UK crops – Soil Association
https://www.soilassociation.org/organic-living/whyorganic/know-whats-in-your-food/reduce-your-exposure-to-pesticides/
Number of pesticides non-organic – Soil Association
https://www.soilassociation.org/organic-living/whyorganic/know-whats-in-your-food/reduce-your-exposure-to-pesticides/
Number of pesticides organic – Soil Association
https://www.soilassociation.org/organic-living/whyorganic/know-whats-in-your-food/reduce-your-exposure-to-pesticides/
% UK non-organic with pesticides and % pesticide decrease if all farming organic – Pesticide Action Network UK
http://www.pan-uk.org/organic/
Average number of pesticides and sprayings on UK orchard crops – UK National Statistics (undertaken for DEFRA), 2016
https://secure.fera.defra.gov.uk/pusstats/surveys/documents/orchards2016.pdf
% organic of UK food and drink sales – Soil Association, 2017
https://www.soilassociation.org/certification/trade-news/2018/organic-has-reached-its-highest-sales-ever-at-over-22b/
% organic of US food and drink sales – US Department of Agriculture (USDA), 2014
https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/natural-resources-environment/organic-agriculture/organic-market-overview.aspx
Growth in UK organic food – Soil Association
https://www.soilassociation.org/certification/trade-news/2017/uk-organic-market-tops-2-billion/
Growth in US organic food – Organic Trade Association
https://www.ota.com/news/press-releases/19681
Growth in UK organic home delivery – Soil Association
https://www.soilassociation.org/certification/trade-news/2017/uk-organic-market-tops-2-billion/
UK organic growth faster than non-organic – The Guardian
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/feb/07/organic-food-and-drink-sales-rise-to-record-levels-in-the-uk
Greater abundance of wildlife on organic farms – Soil Association (quoting British Ecological Society 2005 and 2013 research)
https://www.soilassociation.org/organic-living/whyorganic/better-for-wildlife/
Rare birds on organic farms – FiBL
https://www.fibl.org/en/themes/biodiversity.html
Packaging food costs – Repsly
https://www.repsly.com/blog/consumer-goods/packaging-considerations-for-the-food-industry
Transportation food costs – Reuters 2018
https://uk.reuters.com/article/foodcompanies-freight/moving-freight-to-get-more-expensive-for-food-companies-this-year-idUKL4N1PS4KF
Where food dollar goes – Washington Post 2018
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/05/02/why-farmers-only-get-7-8-cents-of-every-dollar-americans-spend-on-food/?utm_term=.b11406b22455
Food as % moved by UK heavy goods vehicles – Department for Transport 2015
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/546346/domestic-road-freight-statistics-2015.pdf
Carbon footprint of NZ vs UK apples – Routledge
https://static1.squarespace.com/static/56b97a017c65e4826a4a549c/t/59de843a46c3c4aa716bc2e8/1507755069354/Saunders+%26+Barber%2C+2008+-+Carbon+footprints%2C+LCA%2C+food+miles.pdf
Carbon footprint of UK/NZ apples in vs out of season – Food Rush (quoting Food Climate Research Network, Oxford)
https://www.thefoodrush.com/articles/why-food-miles-are-a-poor-measure-of-sustainability/
Health benefits of organic milk – NHS
https://www.nhs.uk/news/food-and-diet/organic-milk-is-healthier-than-conventional-milk-study-says/
Nutrition benefits of organic food – NPR (quoting British Journal of Nutrition), 2014
https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/02/18/467136329/is-organic-more-nutritious-new-study-adds-to-the-evidence
Update on farmed chicken welfare standards – The Guardian 2018
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/jan/13/animal-welfare-groups-call-for-higher-standards-for-farmed-chickens
Growing meat consumption – Worldwatch 2018
http://www.worldwatch.org/global-meat-production-and-consumption-continue-rise
UK dairy farm closures – BBC 2016
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-36764592
Tesco market share – Statista 2017
https://www.statista.com/statistics/280208/grocery-market-share-in-the-united-kingdom-uk/
Integrated farm management:
Crop Protection Association UK
http://www.cropprotection.org.uk
British Crop Protection Council
http://www.bcpc.org
LEAF marque (Linking Environment and Farming)
http://www.leafmarque.com
Wendell Berry, ‘The Pleasures of Eating’, in Michael Schut (ed.), Simpler Living, Compassionate Life: A Christian Perspective (Earth Ministry, 1999), p. 106.
Michael Schut, ‘Food as Sacrament’, in Earth Letter (November 2001), p. 11.
G is for Globalization
% international trade as % global GDP – World Bank 2016
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS
Definition of globalization – Mendel University
https://is.mendelu.cz/eknihovna/opory/zobraz_cast.pl?cast=66570;fit_w=1
Emerging markets – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerging_markets
Criticism of Sachs/Warner – Asian Economic and Financial Review 2015
http://www.aessweb.com/pdf-files/aefr-2015-5(3)-468-482.pdf
Harvard Growth Lab as substitute for Sachs/Warner – Harvard University
https://growthlab.cid.harvard.edu/about
Average % growth in real GDP: developed vs developing countries – UN
https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/wp-content/uploads/sites/45/publication/WESP2018_Full_Web-1.pdf
Economic growth for LDCs as SDG – UN
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdg8
Number of people going hungry – World Food Programme
http://www1.wfp.org/zero-hunger
Wealth concentration of top 1% – Credit Suisse 2017
https://www.credit-suisse.com/corporate/en/articles/news-and-expertise/global-wealth-report-2017-201711.html
Oxfam wealth inequality report findings – Guardian
https://www.theguardian.com/inequality/2018/jan/22/inequality-gap-widens-as-42-people-hold-same-wealth-as-37bn-poorest
Wealth generated by top 1% in 2017 – Oxfam (2018)
https://www.oxfam.org/en/pressroom/pressreleases/2018-01-22/richest-1-percent-bagged-82-percent-wealth-created-last-year
Revised thinking on globalization – Stiglitz: Globalization and its discontents–revisited (2018)
https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/books/globalization-and-its-discontents-revisited-joseph-e-stiglitz-on-the-state-of-the-world-1.720362
Latest thinking by Pascal Lamy, ex head of WTO – FT 2013, 2018
https://www.ft.com/content/2165dcc4-55e3-11e3-96f5-00144feabdc0
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-wto/wto-should-prepare-for-life-without-u-s-ex-chief-lamy-says-idUSKCN1G326S
Trump and globalization – FT 2017
https://www.ft.com/content/d81ca8cc-bfdd-11e7-b8a3-38a6e068f464
New theological voices on globalization – Norwegian School of Theology 2017
https://www.mf.no/en/news/religiosity-age-globalization-0
Catholic theological conference on globalization – New Catholic Reporter 2017
https://www.ncronline.org/news/theology/inaugural-conference-spanish-speaking-scholars-focus-globalization-exclusion
World Bank on globalization – World Bank 2016
http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/opinion/2016/08/08/globalization-is-the-only-answer
World Bank on inequality at individual vs national level – World Bank 2014
http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/opinion/2014/02/11/is-globalization-a-good-or-a-bad-thing
World Bank global income inequality by numbers – World Bank 2012
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/959251468176687085/pdf/wps6259.pdf
Hans Rosling, Factfulness: Ten Reasons We’re Wrong about the World – and Why Things Are Better than You Think (Sceptre, 2018)
Rosling, Factfulness, p. 32.
Tearfund, The Restorative Economy: Completing Our Unfinished Millennium Jubilee
Kate Raworth’s Doughnut Economics model and the thinking about the Circular Economy, coming from the Ellen MacArthur Foundation
http://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/
A. Araujo, ‘Globalization and World Evangelism’, in William D. Taylor (ed.), Global Missiology (Baker, 2001), p. 60.
Tom W. Sine, Jr, ‘Globalization, Creation of Global Culture Consumption and the Impact on the Church and Its Mission’
http://www.globalmissiology.org
H is for Habitats
Decline in Borneo’s orangutan population – The Guardian 2018
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/feb/15/dramatic-decline-in-borneos-orangutan-population-as-150000-lost-in-16-years
Living Planet Index – WWF
http://wwf.panda.org/knowledge_hub/all_publications/living_planet_index2/
Long-term urban habitat-loss – Landscape Ecology 2017
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10980-017-0504-0.pdf
Decline in flying insect biomass in protected areas – PLOS ONE 2017
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0185809
How to make a butterfly-friendly garden – Discover Wildlife 2018
http://www.discoverwildlife.com/british-wildlife/your-garden/how-make-butterfly-friendly-garden
House Martin population – Bird Guides 2018
https://www.birdguides.com/news/have-you-seen-a-house-martin-this-year/
Creating a wildlife haven – The National Wildlife Federation
https://www.nwf.org/Garden-for-Wildlife/Certify
Declining hedgehog population in Britain – The Guardian 2017
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/06/hedgehogs-now-a-rare-garden-sight-as-british-populations-continue-to-decline
Organic garden pest control – No Dig Vegetable Garden
https://www.no-dig-vegetablegarden.com/organic-garden-pest-control.html
How nature is good for our health and happiness – BBC 2016
http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20160420-how-nature-is-good-for-our-health-and-happiness
Rich Living: Food – A Rocha Aotearoa New Zealand
http://www.arocha.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/sites/18/2018/06/Rich-Living-Food-FINAL.pdf
Palm oil – WWF
http://wwf.panda.org/our_work/food/agriculture/about_palm_oil/
Appetite for Destruction – WWF
https://www.wwf.org.uk/sites/default/files/2017-10/WWF_AppetiteForDestruction_Summary_Report_SignOff.pdf
Living Planet Report (2018) – WWF
https://www.wwf.org.uk/sites/default/files/2018-10/LPR2018_Full%20Report.pdf
RSPB, ‘Have you seen a house martin?’
http://www.rspb.org.uk
I is for Investments
Ethical loan UK examples – Charity Bank
https://charitybank.org/news/category/stories
Ethical loans for ethical business – Triodos
https://www.triodos.co.uk/en/business/borrowing/
Ethical loan Indonesia microfinance example – Triodos 2016
http://www.annual-report-triodos.com/en/2016/impact/social/inclusive-finance/case-study.html
Growth in UK ethical lending – Responsible Finance 2015
http://responsiblefinance.org.uk/2015/11/rapid-rise-of-ethical-lending-creating-thousands-of-jobs-and-new-businesses/
Growth in US ethical investment – US News 2017
https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/2017-01-27/ethical-investing-continues-to-grow#close-modal
Growth in global microfinance – BNPParibas
https://group.bnpparibas/en/news/microfinance-barometer-2017-global-trends-sector
Investing in microfinance – Talk Business 2018
https://www.talk-business.co.uk/2018/02/13/investing-microfinance-viable/
Better engagement example than BP – Veolia
https://www.veolia.co.uk/about-us/sustainability
Number of ethical investment funds in UK – This is Money 2017
http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/investing/article-4963294/The-best-ethical-investment-funds-bonds-savings.html
Number of ethical investment funds in US – Kiplinger 2016
https://www.kiplinger.com/article/investing/T041-C009-S002-7-great-socially-responsible-mutual-funds.html
Personal microfinance options – Talk Business 2018
https://www.talk-business.co.uk/2018/02/13/investing-microfinance-viable/
‘In Plenty or in Want: How to Think about Wealth’, in Ruth Valerio, Just Living: Faith and Community in an Age of Consumerism (Hodder & Stoughton, 2016), ch. 5.
J is for Jobs
Narrative suggestions:
LICC 2017
https://www.licc.org.uk/resources/discover-fruitfulness-on-the-frontline/
ComRes 2017
http://www.comresglobal.com/faith/belief-at-work-awards-2017/
http://www.comresglobal.com/polls/belief-at-work-faith-in-the-workplace-study-2017/
Made to Flourish
https://www.madetoflourish.org/resources/faith-work-rest-us/
Faith at Work Summit (annual US summit)
http://fwsummit.org/
% waking hours working – Revise Sociology (2016)
https://revisesociology.com/2016/08/16/percentage-life-work/
Quote re the pointlessness of working too hard – Dave Ramsey
https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/25775-we-buy-things-we-don-t-need-with-money-we-don-t
UK longest working hours – World Economic Forum (2016 figures quoting Eurostat)
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/02/greeks-work-longest-hours-in-europe/
US even longer working hours – Gallup poll 2014
https://news.gallup.com/poll/175286/hour-workweek-actually-longer-seven-hours.aspx
Number of job changes (US) – The Balance Careers
https://www.thebalancecareers.com/how-often-do-people-change-jobs-2060467
Number of career changes (UK) – FT 2017
https://www.ft.com/content/0151d2fe-868a-11e7-8bb1-5ba57d47eff7
Mexican fisherman parable – Renewable Wealth
http://renewablewealth.com/the-parable-of-the-mexican-fisherman/
% working parents experiencing burnout – Working Families Index 2018
https://www.workingfamilies.org.uk/news/2018-modern-families-index/
Ellen Goodman, cited in Janet Luhrs, The Simple Living Guide (Bantam Doubleday Dell, 1997)
Mark Greene, Supporting Christians at Work – Without Going Insane (Administry, 2001), p. 13, citing the ‘1999 Survey of Managers’ Changing Experiences’ from the Institute of Management.
K is for Kippers
Cod stocks now at sustainable levels – The Fish Site 2017
https://thefishsite.com/articles/north-sea-cod-stocks-back-to-sustainable-levels
EU cod recovery measures – Seafish 2017
http://www.seafish.org/media/publications/FS99_03_17_Why_has_the_cod_stock_recovered_in_the_North_Sea_V1.pdf
North Sea cod levels – Guardian (quoting ICES stats) 2017
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jul/19/sustainable-british-cod-on-the-menu-after-stocks-recover
World sustainable vs overfished stocks – State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA), 2016, p.5.
http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5692e.pdf
State of the world’s fish stocks – State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA), 2016, p.5.
http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5555e.pdf
% of fish discarded/wasted – Phys.org (quoting 2017 Sea Around Us research)
https://phys.org/news/2017-06-ten-million-tonnes-fish-year.html
Types of trawling – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trawling
% discarded fish due to bottom trawling – Oceana (Impact of Bottom Trawling), 2010, p.2.
http://oceana.org/sites/default/files/reports/Trawling_BZ_10may10_toAudrey.pdf
EU bottom trawling ban – Deepsea conservation coalition 2016
http://www.savethehighseas.org/2016/08/16/defending-deep-new-eu-deep-sea-bottom-trawling-ban/
Other countries that have banned bottom trawling – Oceana (Impact of Bottom Trawling), 2010, p.9.
http://oceana.org/sites/default/files/reports/Trawling_BZ_10may10_toAudrey.pdf
Seabed damage done by bottom trawling (including prawn) – Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 2017
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2017/07/11/1618858114.full
% fish and shellfish landed using trawling:
The Fish Site 2017
https://thefishsite.com/articles/the-true-extent-of-trawl-damage-revealed
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2017/07/11/1618858114.full
% farmed fish for human consumption – Globefish FAO 2018
http://www.fao.org/in-action/globefish/market-reports/resource-detail/en/c/1109513/
$ value of global fishing industry – Globefish FAO 2018
http://www.fao.org/in-action/globefish/market-reports/resource-detail/en/c/1109513/
Aquaculture growth rates – State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA), 2016, p.4.
http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5692e.pdf
% growth in meat production – Worldwatch 2018
http://www.worldwatch.org/global-meat-production-and-consumption-continue-rise
Value of Scottish salmon industry – Scottish Parliament (quoting 2016 figures)
https://digitalpublications.parliament.scot/ResearchBriefings/Report/2018/2/13/Salmon-Farming-in-Scotland
Sea louse problem in salmon farming – Guardian 2017
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/apr/01/is-farming-salmon-bad-for-the-environment
Number of chemicals used in salmon farming (Bangladesh) – ResearchGate academic research 2014
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270584835_DRUGS_AND_CHEMICALS_USED_IN_AQUACULTURE_ACTIVITIES_FOR_FISH_HEALTH_MANAGEMENT_IN_THE_COASTAL_REGION_OF_BANGLADESH
Skyrocketing use of hydrogen peroxide – Don Staniford (investigative journalist)
http://donstaniford.typepad.com/my-blog/2017/02/press-release-sky-rocketing-chemical-use-on-scottish-salmon-farms-.html
http://donstaniford.typepad.com/my-blog/2017/02/the-sundday-times-record-chemical-use-of-concern-to-salmon-giant.html
Use of organophosphates to kill sea louse – FT 2017
https://www.ft.com/content/8b73e21a-7cf8-11e7-ab01-a13271d1ee9c
Carbon footprint of prawns – Phys.org (quoting 2012 Atlantic magazine article)
https://phys.org/news/2012-02-tiny-shrimp-giant-carbon-footprint.html
Trends in Thailand prawn ponds – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_shrimp_farming
Importance of mangrove forests in Thailand prawn ponds – Al Jazeera
https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2016/08/thailand-reclaiming-mangroves-shrimp-production-160815131444765.html
Effluent solutions in Thailand for prawn ponds – Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 2016
http://www.pnas.org/content/113/17/4585
Sources of organic tiger prawns – OECD
https://www.oecd.org/tad/fisheries/38488333.pdf
L is for Letters
Public protest to selling state forests – BBC 2011
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-12428814
M is for Money
Definition of Jubilee Principle – Tearfund
https://learn.tearfund.org/en/resources/publications/footsteps/footsteps_31-40/footsteps_31/bible_study/
Dethroning Mammon – Archbishop of Canterbury 2017
https://resistanceandrenewal.net/2017/02/23/dethroning-mammon-making-money-serve-grace-by-justin-welby-a-review-by-gordon-kuhrt/
% Britons with money worries – Observer Britain Uncovered survey 2015
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/19/britain-uncovered-survey-attitudes-beliefs-britons-2015
UK charitable giving – CAF 2018
https://www.cafonline.org/docs/default-source/about-us-publications/caf-uk-giving-2018-report.pdf
UK poverty figures – Joseph Rowntree UK Poverty 2017 report
https://www.jrf.org.uk/file/50814/download?token=WrKfXolz&filetype=findings
CAP money course UK – CAP
https://capuk.org/get-involved/your-church/cap-money-course
The Money Charity UK – The Money Charity
https://themoneycharity.org.uk/
Christian Credit Counselors US – Christian Credit Counselors
http://www.christiancreditcounselors.org/
Oxford academic who gives a third of income away:
Huffington Post 2015
https://www.huffingtonpost.com/toby-ord/im-giving-away-most-of-th_b_7255524.html
New Statesman 2013
https://www.newstatesman.com/business/2013/01/man-who-gives-away-third-his-income
US couple who gives away most of income – Daily Mail 2015
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3268936/Massachusetts-couple-lives-six-percent-income-away-100-000-year-needs-most.html
Giving What We Can UK charity – Giving What We Can
https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/
N is for Needs
The growing power of celebrity brand endorsers – Marketing Week 2016
https://www.marketingweek.com/2017/01/24/top-20-endorsers-2016/
Countries with highest levels of household consumption – Wikipedia (citing World Bank data)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_household_final_consumption_expenditure_per_capita
Large celebrity payments for brand endorsements – Forbes 2017
https://www.forbes.com/sites/legalentertainment/2017/05/11/celebrities-under-fire-for-keeping-social-media-endorsement-pay-under-wraps/#754c8c52c758
Pope’s warning on consumption – AP News 2018
https://apnews.com/2dc33645a7e140ffa63e9f5f3b8d2504
Consumption levels breaking records – WorldWatch Institute 2015
http://www.worldwatch.org/global-consumption-trends-break-new-records
Growth in UK clothes consumption – WRAP Valuing our clothes 2017
http://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/valuing-our-clothes-the-cost-of-uk-fashion_WRAP.pdf
% UK clothes in landfill – Guardian 2017 (quoting WRAP study)
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jul/11/uk-households-binned-300000-tonnes-of-clothing-in-2016
Global growth in E-waste – UN E-waste monitor 2017
https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Climate-Change/Documents/GEM%202017/Global-E-waste%20Monitor%202017%20.pdf
The culture of impatience – Study Breaks (Pace University) 2017
https://studybreaks.com/culture/instant-gratification/
The want it now generation – Telegraph 2017
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2017/08/19/instant-fix-big-brands-bending-want-it-now-generation/
Growth in courier/express delivery – Mintel 2017
http://www.mintel.com/press-centre/retail-press-centre/courier-and-express-delivery-market-posts-1-billion-increase-in-sales-in-2016
Environmental impact of online shopping – Vox 2017
https://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2017/12/21/16805324/online-shopping-instant-delivery-greenhouse-gas-amazon-environmental-problem
Throw away relationships – Fast Company 2016
https://www.fastcompany.com/3057089/our-disposable-culture-means-we-toss-relationships-as-quickly-as-we-throw-away-objects
Consumerism hijacking courtship – Vox 2016
https://www.vox.com/2016/6/20/11949988/america-dating-consumerism
Ruth Valerio, Just Living: Faith and Community in an Age of Consumerism (Hodder & Stoughton, 2016)
James Jones, Jesus and the Earth (SPCK, 2003), p. 25.
N. T. Wright, For All God’s Worth: True Worship and the Calling of the Church (Eerdmans, 2014), pp. 63–64.
O is for Organic
Basis for EU CAP subsidies – European Commission
https://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/direct-support/direct-payments_en
CAP subsidies contributing to pollution – The Ecologist (2018)
https://theecologist.org/2018/may/24/special-investigation-part-ii-how-common-agricultural-policy-promotes-pollution
Size of UK non-organic vs organic farms – Rural Business Research 2016, p.iv.
https://www.ncl.ac.uk/media/wwwnclacuk/agriculturefoodandruraldevelopment/files/Organic%20Farming%20in%20England%202014_15_p.pdf
True cost accounting for cheap food – True Cost Accounting in Farming and Finance (Triodos et al), 2017
https://colour-of-money.co.uk/true-cost-of-food/
https://www.natureandmore.com/files/documenten/tca-fff-report.pdf
The hidden cost of cheap food – Sustainable Food Trust 2017
https://sustainablefoodtrust.org/articles/hidden-cost-uk-food/
Serious farming pollution breaches on the rise – The Guardian 2017
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/aug/21/serious-farm-pollution-breaches-increase-many-go-unprosecuted
Cost of bovine TB epidemic – TB Free Farming 2013
http://www.tbfreeengland.co.uk/faqs/how-much-does-btb-cost/
Cost of badger culling – The Guardian (quoting Badger Trust figure) 2018
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/may/01/badger-cull-policing-cost-800000-in-one-county-cheshire
EU agricultural spending – Politico 2018
https://www.politico.eu/article/big-farms-set-to-pay-the-price-as-eu-looks-to-cut-farm-subsidies-gunther-oettinger/
Number of EU inhabitants – European Union
https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/figures/living_en
Cost of nitrogen fertilizer effects – Compassion in World Farming (quoting European Nitrogen Assessment), 2017
https://www.ciwf.org.uk/media/7431690/paying-for-the-true-costs-of-our-meat-eggs-and-dairy.pdf
Organic food costs 47% more than non-organic – Pick Up Limes blog (quoting Consumer Report which is pay for only)
https://www.pickuplimes.com/single-post/2018/05/02/ORGANIC-vs-CONVENTIONAL-%C2%BB-whats-the-best-choice
Million tonnes of chemicals produced in EU – Eurostat 2017
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Chemicals_production_and_consumption_statistics
Dispute of 84,000 different chemicals used in US commerce figure – Chemical Safety Facts 2018
https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/chemistry-context/debunking-myth-chemicals-testing-safety/
NRDC +80,000 chems figure – NRDC
https://www.nrdc.org/issues/toxic-chemicals
Number of chems used in EU and health/env testing requirements – European Commission 2018
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/news_en.htm
EU admission that some chems cause harm – European Commission 2018
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/index_en.htm
Health damage caused by chems – Organic Consumers Association 2018
https://www.organicconsumers.org/news/how-toxic-are-your-household-cleaning-supplies
Number of skin products used daily and harmful chems in cosmetics – Getting Lippy (Women’s Environmental Network), 2015
https://static1.squarespace.com/static/559d276fe4b0a65ec3938057/t/55f1ab5ce4b0e76a82e8f901/1441901404572/cosmetics_norefs1.pdf
Scientific paper quoting 2kg figure of chems absorbed – Journal of Clinical Toxicology 2016
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/toxicity-and-genotoxicity-of-beauty-products-on-human-skin-cells-in-vitro.php?aid=79222
Contested 2kg figure as beauty myth – Ask an Esthetician 2013
https://askanesthetician.wordpress.com/2013/03/19/do-your-skincare-products-get-absorbed-into-your-bloodstream/
SLS in shampoo – Collective Evolution
https://www.collective-evolution.com/2017/10/05/11-commonly-used-chemicals-in-shampoos-that-are-detrimental-to-your-health/
Michael van Straten, Organic Living (Rodale Books, 2001), p. 15.
Pat Thomas, Skin Deep: The Essential Guide to What’s in the Toiletries and Cosmetics You Use (Rodale, 2008)
P is for Plastic
Sachets help low-income communities but are a waste nightmare – The Guardian 2014
https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/sachet-packaging-low-income-communities-waste-nightmare
The Brazilian villagers turning plastic pollution into profit – The Guardian 2018
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/12/the-brazilian-villagers-turning-plastic-pollution-into-profit
Link between plastic and poverty
https://learn.tearfund.org
Q is for Questions
The decline in public discourse:
FT (2018)
https://www.ft.com/content/5ac4d090-f6f9-11e7-a4c9-bbdefa4f210b
Fortune (2017)
http://fortune.com/2017/01/13/fake-news-tribalism/
Media critic badge – Girl Guides 2018
https://www.girlguiding.org.uk/what-we-do/our-badges-and-activities/badge-finder/media-critic/
% UK GHG = agriculture – BEIS Fact Sheet 2017 (quoting 2015 figures)
http://naei.beis.gov.uk/resources/Sector_Summary_Factsheet_2017-v2.0.html#31_agriculture
% EU GHG = agriculture – Eurostat 2017 (quoting 2015 figures)
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Agri-environmental_indicator_-_greenhouse_gas_emissions
Reasons to buy local food – Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE)
https://www.cpre.org.uk/magazine/opinion/item/4204-why-you-should-buy-and-eat-local-food
Growing local to increase UK food security – British Food: what role should UK producers have in feeding the UK? University of Leeds, 2017
http://www.leeds.ac.uk/download/481/british_food_makers_report
The contribution of airfreighted fruit & veg to the Kenyan economy and number of African workers dependent on these exports to UK – AAFRA/ICAO (2014)
https://www.icao.int/Meetings/AirCargoDevelopmentForum-Togo/Documents/2-Chingosho_AFRAA.pdf
Importance of UK as Kenyan export destination for fruit and veg and export trends – Kingdom of the Netherlands 2017
https://www.agroberichtenbuitenland.nl/binaries/agroberichtenbuitenland/documenten/rapporten/2017/03/01/mapping-of-production-of-fruits-and-vegetables-in-kenya/Scoping-horticultural-study-Kenya-2017.pdf
Kenyan export horticulture workers better off than subsistence farmers – Institute of Development Studies, Kenya (undated paper but early 2000s)
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7323/517a1f9d30df6f055e4e5e012771d367d791.pdf
Kenyan roses have 1/6 carbon footprint:
Harvard Business School 2016
https://rctom.hbs.org/submission/in-kenya-roses-are-red-but-the-flower-industry-is-blue-over-climate-change/
UCL 2013
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/ippr/journal/downloads/vol7no2/flowerindustry
Food miles as discredited concept – Parliamentary Briefing 2012
http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/SN04984
World Bank focus on urban agriculture – World Bank
http://blogs.worldbank.org/category/tags/urban-agriculture
Oxfam focus on reducing the environmental impact of food chains – Oxfam 2014
https://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/bp186-standing-sidelines-big10-climate-emissions-200514-en_2.pdf
Fair miles lifecycle analysis – IIED 2009
http://pubs.iied.org/15516IIED/
Ship vs airfreight emissions – Ecotarian 2016 (citing Cambridge research)
http://the-ecotarian.com/stories/2016/2/26/environmental-impacts-of-food-2-transport
Aldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac (OUP USA, 1968), p. 197, cited in Steven C. Bouma-Prediger, For the Beauty of the Earth: A Christian Vision for Creation Care (Baker Academic, 2010), p. 16.
R is for Recycling
Amount of total waste produced in UK (Total waste calculated based on households, which produce 27.3 million tonnes = 14% UK total waste) – DEFRA 2018 (citing 2014 and 2016 data)
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/683051/UK_Statisticson_Waste_statistical_notice_Feb_2018_FINAL.pdf
Amount of UK municipal waste – OECD 2016
https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/environment/data/oecd-environment-statistics/municipal-waste_data-00601-en
Reasons for falling UK waste generation – DEFRA 2013 Waste Management Plan for England
https://consult.defra.gov.uk/waste/https-consult-defra-gov-uk-waste/supporting_documents/20130711%20%20Consultation%20Plan.pdf
Municipal waste per capita – Eurostat 2016
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Municipal_waste_statistics#Municipal_waste_generation
Average weight of UK person – Telegraph 2012 (quoting London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine figures)
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/earthnews/9345086/The-worlds-fattest-countries-how-do-you-compare.html
Amount of US municipal waste total and per person – EPA (2015 figures)
https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/national-overview-facts-and-figures-materials
Amount of UK municipal waste going to landfill – DEFRA 2018 (citing 2016 data), p.5.
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/683051/UK_Statisticson_Waste_statistical_notice_Feb_2018_FINAL.pdf
% US municipal waste landfill – EPA (2015 figures)
https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/national-overview-facts-and-figures-materials
Incinerator environmental impact – Alternative Energy News 2017
http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/negative-impacts-waste-to-energy/
Sound practices for municipal waste incineration – UNEP website
http://www.unep.or.jp/Ietc/ESTdir/Pub/MSW/SP/SP5/SP5_4.asp
Current issues in global waste management – UNEP Global Waste Management Outlook 2015; key pages = pp. iii, 7-8, 12, 52.
http://apps.unep.org/publications/index.php?option=com_pmtdata&task=download&file=-Global_Waste_Management_Outlook-2015Global_Waste_Management_Outlook.pdf.pdf
Global waste management and the SDGs + % collected – WasteAid UK website
https://wasteaid.org.uk/waste-sustainable-development-goals/
Germany as biggest packaging waste producer – DW 2016
https://www.dw.com/en/what-to-do-about-germanys-mounting-packaging-waste/a-36657662
New German packaging recycling legislation – Plastic News Europe 2018
http://www.plasticsnewseurope.com/article/20180703/PNE/180709983/new-german-packaging-law-to-hit-market-in-2019
UK packaging supplier/user obligations – Environment Agency 2017
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/packaging-producer-responsibilities
Number of sanpro products flushed down toilet each day in UK – Independent 2018 (quoting Journal of the Institution of Environmental Sciences)
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/period-sanitary-products-plastic-pollution-flush-toilet-marine-environment-natracare-a8425256.html
Number of sanpro items on UK shoreline – Independent 2018 (quoting Journal of the Institution of Environmental Sciences)
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/period-sanitary-products-plastic-pollution-flush-toilet-marine-environment-natracare-a8425256.html
UK law introducing plastic bag charging – Defra 2018
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/single-use-plastic-carrier-bags-why-were-introducing-the-charge/carrier-bags-why-theres-a-5p-charge
The need for reusable coffee cups in UK – Environmental Audit Committee 2017
https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmenvaud/657/657.pdf
Number of styrofoam cups thrown away by Americans each year – Earth Day 2018
https://www.earthday.org/2018/04/18/fact-sheet-how-much-disposable-plastic-we-use/
Packaging free supermarkets – Amex
https://www.amexessentials.com/packaging-free-supermarkets/
Number of disposable nappies UK – Veolia
https://www.veolia.co.uk/westberkshire/waste-minimisation/waste-minimisation/real-nappies-facts
New types of reusable nappies – Which 2013
https://www.which.co.uk/reviews/nappies/article/how-to-buy-the-best-reusable-nappies
UK recycling rate – Edie.net 2018 (quoting Defra figures)
https://www.edie.net/news/5/The-UK-s–waste-mountain–in-charts/
More on UK recycling – Defra 2018
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/683051/UK_Statisticson_Waste_statistical_notice_Feb_2018_FINAL.pdf
Household recycling in the UK – Parliamentary Briefing 2016
https://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/library/stay_informed_overseas_policy_updates/household_recycling.pdf
% of UK councils offering food waste collection – Parliamentary Briefing 2016
https://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/library/stay_informed_overseas_policy_updates/household_recycling.pdf
US waste figures – EPA waste overview 2015
https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/national-overview-facts-and-figures-materials
US % recycling figures (historic) – EPA waste archives 2013
https://archive.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/municipal/web/html/
Non-household recycling – Defra 2018
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/683051/UK_Statisticson_Waste_statistical_notice_Feb_2018_FINAL.pdf
More UK job creation from recycling – Guardian 2013 (quoting ESA/WRAP report)
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/jun/11/recycling-industry-10000-jobs-2020
James Odgers and Ruth Valerio, Simplicity, Love and Justice (Alpha International, 2004), p. 52.
S is for Simplicity
Tom Sine, Mustard Seed Versus McWorld: Reinventing Life and Faith for the Future (Baker, 1999), p. 128.
Gerald May, ‘Entering the Emptiness’, in Michael Schut (ed.), Simpler Living: Compassionate Life: A Christian Perspective (Earth Ministry, 1999), pp. 50–51.
Ruth Valerio, Just Living: Faith and Community in an Age of Consumerism (Hodder & Stoughton, 2016).
Henri J. M. Nouwen, ‘Contemplation and Ministry’, in Michael Schut (ed.), Simpler Living: Compassionate Life: A Christian Perspective (Earth Ministry, 1999), p. 54.
Richard J. Foster, Freedom of Simplicity: Finding Harmony in a Complex World (HarperCollins, 2005), pp. 8–9, 14.
T is for Technology
ICT and CO2 emissions – The Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology
https://www.parliament.uk/documents/post/postpn319.pdf
Bull, R. (2015). ICT as an Enabler for Sustainable Development. Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society, Vol 13 (1) 19-23
The cobalt pipeline – The Washington Post 2016
https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/business/batteries/congo-cobalt-mining-for-lithium-ion-battery/
P. Hawken (ed.) Penguin: London 2017, Drawdown: The most comprehensive plan ever proposed to reverse global warming
U is for Unwanted Peoples
Different Biblical perspectives on migration, from a political perspective – Bible Society/Christians in Parliament 2016
http://www.christiansinparliament.org.uk/uploads/What-does-the-Bible-say-about-migration-final.pdf
CofE theological perspective on migrants and refugees – Mission Theology Advisory Group CofE 2015
https://ctbi.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Mission-Migrants-and-Refugees-MTAG.pdf
Refugee stories Tearfund – Tearfund
https://www.tearfund.org/latest/2015/06/diary_of_a_teenage_refugee/
Refugee stories Christian Aid – Christian Aid
https://www.christianaid.org.uk/change-the-story
Refugee stories UNHCR – UNHCR
http://www.unhcr.org/uk/news/stories/2018/8/5b5590ac4/dedicated-team-helps-refugees-feel-at-home-in-ipswich.html
Refugee stories – Refugee Action
https://www.refugee-action.org.uk/refugee-voices/
Refugee stats – UNHCR 2017
http://www.unhcr.org/uk/figures-at-a-glance.html
1 in 110 people globally – USA for UNHCR 2017
https://www.unrefugees.org/refugee-facts/statistics/
Definitions of refugee, asylum seeker and IDP – USA for UNHCR
https://www.unrefugees.org/refugee-facts/what-is-a-refugee/
% refugees in Europe and US – UNHCR Global Trends report 2017, p.13.
http://www.unhcr.org/5b27be547.pdf
Number of climate ‘refugees’ – UNHCR 2015
http://www.unhcr.org/uk/climate-change-and-disasters.html
Children and climate change – UNICEF For Every Child in Danger report 2017
https://downloads.unicef.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/No-Place-To-Call-Home.pdf?_ga=2.28738681.470803372.1533244361-1367118371.1531228117
Climate and extreme weather risk index – GermanWatch 2018
https://germanwatch.org/en/download/20432.pdf
Number of climate refugees by 2050 – World Bank Groundswell report 2018
https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2018/03/19/climate-change-could-force-over-140-million-to-migrate-within-countries-by-2050-world-bank-report
Number of unaccompanied or separated child refugees – UNICEF 2017
https://www.dw.com/en/unicef-number-of-unaccompanied-refugee-children-reaches-record-high/a-38881924
Refugee children in education – UNICEF Children on the Move report 2018
https://data.unicef.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Data-brief-children-on-the-move-key-facts-and-figures-1.pdf
Number of children IDPs – UNICEF 2016
https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-migration-and-displacement/displacement/
Countries with most IDPs – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internally_displaced_person
Countries with most IDPs #2 – UNHCR Global Trends report 2017
http://www.unhcr.org/5b27be547.pdf
Number of IDPs and refugees that return home – UNHCR Global Trends report 2017 p.3.
http://www.unhcr.org/5b27be547.pdf
Doubling of IDP numbers since 1992 – Brookings Institute 2017
https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2017/06/20/unpacking-the-numbers-on-global-refugees/
Number of people living in refugee camps – UNHCR Shelter website
http://www.unhcr.org/uk/shelter.html
Suggestions for helping refugees – CTBI
https://ctbi.org.uk/facts-about-refugees-leaflet/
Definition of a refugee – UNHCR
http://www.unrefugees.org/refugee-facts/what-is-a-refugee
The Apology of Aristides: On Behalf of the Christians, 15.7.
V is for Volunteering
% of UK people who volunteer and value to economy – ONS 2017 (based on 2015 data)
https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/earningsandworkinghours/articles/billionpoundlossinvolunteeringeffort/2017-03-16
15% decline in UK volunteering since 2005 – Civil Society
https://www.civilsociety.co.uk/news/volunteering-levels-fall-by-15-per-cent-in-a-decade-finds-office-for-national-statistics.html
Why people stop volunteering – NCVO 2018
https://blogs.ncvo.org.uk/2018/03/22/why-people-volunteer-and-why-they-stop-what-the-latest-data-tells-us/
% of US volunteering and decline – Wiley online library
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/nba.30279
US volunteering statistics – CNN 2018
https://edition.cnn.com/2018/07/19/us/volunteering-statistics-cfc/index.html
Loneliness among UK adults – BBC News 2018
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-42887932
Gap years for grown ups – Guardian 2016
https://www.theguardian.com/voluntary-sector-network/2016/apr/13/gap-years-grown-ups-volunteers-opportunities-for-charities
Volunteering via CSR schemes – Frontstream (US)
https://www.frontstream.com/3-reasons-why-your-workplace-giving-program-should-include-volunteering/
Body Shop Enrich Not Exploit programme – Neighbourly
https://www.neighbourly.com/TheBodyShop
UK employers prefer candidates with volunteer experience – Oxfam 2017
https://www.oxfam.org.uk/media-centre/press-releases/2017/01/employers-pick-volunteers-over-other-job-candidates-new-research-reveals
US employers preference for volunteer experience – Fortune (quoting 2016 Deloitte research)
http://fortune.com/2016/06/28/volunteer-work-resume/
Barna Group and Tearfund, Christians Who Make a Difference: The Unexpected Connections between Spiritual Growth and Caring for People in Poverty (Barna Global, 2018)
W is for Water
% of world population living in water stressed areas – Water Aid, The Water Gap report (2018)
https://washmatters.wateraid.org/sites/g/files/jkxoof256/files/The%20Water%20Gap%20State%20of%20Water%20report%20lr%20pages.pdf
60% of people live in water stressed areas – World Bank Unchartered Waters report (2017), p.6.
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/28096/9781464811791.pdf
1.8 million more people living in water stressed areas by 2050 – Water Footprint (quoting 2014 MIT study)
http://waterfootprint.org/en/about-us/news/news/water-stress-affect-52-worlds-population-2050/
1 in 4 children living in areas with extremely limited water resources – UNICEF Thirsting for a Future report (2017)
https://www.unicef.org/wash/waterandclimate/?utm_source=media&utm_campaign=water_climate&utm_medium=email
% demand for water by 2050 – World Bank Unchartered Waters report (2017), p.12.
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/28096/9781464811791.pdf
Water use by sector – FAO Aquastat 2014
http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/infographics/Withdrawal_eng.pdf
% of irrigation water lost – Journal of Hydrology 2017
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581816301331
Water investment by T Boone Pickens – CBS News 2010
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/t-boone-pickens-a-water-baron-for-the-21st-century/
Water is the new oil quote by Pickens – Water Politics 2008
http://www.waterpolitics.com/2008/06/13/t-boone-pickens-water-is-the-new-oil/
Water scarcity as contributor to conflict – CNA The Role of Water Stress in Instability and Conflict report 2017
https://www.cna.org/CNA_files/pdf/CRM-2017-U-016532-Final.pdf
Countries most at risk from food insecurity – World Bank Unchartered Waters report (2017), p.25.
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/28096/9781464811791.pdf
980 litres water per week used by people in UK – Environment Agency State of the Environment: water resources report 2018
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/709924/State_of_the_environment_water_resources_report.pdf
Climate change and water scarcity – UN Water
http://www.unwater.org/water-facts/climate-change/
Future UK water scarcity – Environment Agency State of the Environment: water resources report 2018
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/709924/State_of_the_environment_water_resources_report.pdf
UK water problems caused by climate change – Defra 2013
http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-6694
57% decline in UK freshwater and wetland species – The State of Nature report 2013, p.47.
https://www.wwt.org.uk/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/State-of-Nature-main-report.pdf
81% decline in global freshwater populations – WWF Living Planet Report 2016
http://awsassets.panda.org/downloads/lpr_living_planet_report_2016_summary.pdf
15% of UK river catchments are over-extracted – The State of Nature report 2013, p.49.
https://www.wwt.org.uk/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/State-of-Nature-main-report.pdf
Percentage of SSSI freshwater habitats in unfavourable or destroyed condition – Defra 2013
http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-6695
Water-related environmental impacts of large dams – International Rivers
https://www.internationalrivers.org/environmental-impacts-of-dams
57,000 large dams worldwide – International Rivers
https://www.internationalrivers.org/questions-and-answers-about-large-dams
Problems caused by large dams – International Rivers
https://www.internationalrivers.org/questions-and-answers-about-large-dams
Aral Sea shrinkage – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aral_Sea
30% of people don’t have access to safe drinking water – WHO/UNICEF 2017
http://www.who.int/news-room/detail/12-07-2017-2-1-billion-people-lack-safe-drinking-water-at-home-more-than-twice-as-many-lack-safe-sanitation
Number of children under 5 dying from water pollution – WHO Don’t Pollute My Future report (2017)
http://www.who.int/news-room/detail/06-03-2017-the-cost-of-a-polluted-environment-1-7-million-child-deaths-a-year-says-who
Number of children under 5 who would be saved annually if SDG 6 achieved – WHO Don’t Pollute My Future report (2017), p.20.
http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/254678/WHO-FWC-IHE-17.01-eng.pdf;jsessionid=A2E18B108ED3C1845532071B3464E2E6?sequence=1
Wildlife affected by pesticides – Beyond pesticides
https://www.beyondpesticides.org/programs/wildlife
Nonpoint water pollution as leading source in US – NRDC
https://www.nrdc.org/stories/water-pollution-everything-you-need-know#causes
% water used domestically in UK by type of use – Energy Savings Trust At Home with Water report 2013, p.13.
http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/sites/default/files/reports/AtHomewithWater%287%29.pdf
Pepsi reducing water footprint – Water World
https://www.waterworld.com/articles/iww/print/volume-11/issue-4/columns/pepsico-focuses-on-reducing-water-footprint.html
M&S reducing water footprint – M&S
https://corporate.marksandspencer.com/blog/marks-and-spencer-water-stewardship
Water Footprint Network – Water Footprint Network
http://waterfootprint.org/en/water-footprint/business-water-footprint/
Water Risk Filter – WWF
http://waterriskfilter.panda.org/
X is for Xenophobia
David Haslam, Race for the Millennium: Challenge to Church and Society (Church House Publishing, 1996), p. 210.
Loving the stranger – Revd Dr Inderjit Bhogal
http://www.inderjitbhogal.com/category/sermons
Jonathan Sacks, Faith in the Future (Darton, Longman & Todd, 1995), p. 78.
Y is for Young People
World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision – UN
https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf
ICT Facts and Figures 2017 – International Telecommunication Union
https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/facts/ICTFactsFigures2017.pdf
World Radio Day 2013 statistics on youth – UNESCO
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/events/prizes-and-celebrations/celebrations/international-days/world-radio-day-2013/statistics-on-youth/
World Youth Report – UN
http://www.unworldyouthreport.org/images/docs/wyr_civic_engagement_executive_summary.pdf
Young people, HIV and AIDS – Avert
https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-social-issues/key-affected-populations/young-people
Young people and AIDS – UNAIDS
http://www.unaids.org/en/topic/young-people
Orphans and vulnerable children affected by HIV and AIDS – USAID
https://www.usaid.gov/what-we-do/global-health/hiv-and-aids/technical-areas/orphans-and-vulnerable-children-affected-hiv
Ruth Valerio, Just Living: Faith and Community in an Age of Consumerism (Hodder & Stoughton, 2016)
Z is for Zeitgeist
Zeitgeist: New Wave Club Culture (Stress Recordings, 1997)